Fasting

The only possibility not to fast these two consecutive months is your disability. If you will be able after some time, a year or two or more, you must fast them then and feeding wouldn’t be accepted. If you have a real illness that doctors forbid you from fasting till you die, you can feed!

yes it is permissible providing you don’t swallow any of it! It is best to avoid it while fasting.

It is the time of Athan of Fajr!

If the Doctors believe that fasting may be dangerous and life threatening for this person then he should not fast and cover his missed fasts after Ramadan when he recover. I recommend he takes a second opinion from a Muslim doctor,

If its just a thought then it does not break the fast.

Depends on the degree of sins!

This will not affect your fasting.

He is a traveller and he can skip fasting.

Follow the Islamic Calendar provided by Umm Alqura calendar.

If the injection is nutritious, this invalidates fasting. But if it is a pain killer or a vaccine or insulin, the fasting is intact!