Yes, the amount of money you bought it with must have a due date for zakat, once this date is due, calculate the values of these cows along with your cash and give 2.5% zakat on it.

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Yes. Any person who has enough to feed himself on that day, whatever surplus he has should be given as zakat ul fitr. Kindly refer to the following link(s): https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YNGuXz1oKfI

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This seems permissible providing they are poor and only these orphans would eat from it and not their teachers and staff.

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