ANSWER: These are two separate matters. Not praying is a major sin and can mount to kufr if it is all the time. However, we would encourage such people as well disbelievers to do as many good deeds as possible as one doesn’t know when Allah will expand their chest and hearts to the truth.

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ANSWER: There is no need to pray tahyyatul masjid in this case as you will start with the fard and this would suffice. 

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ANSWER: If he performed it before the salam, you must offer it with him as well. But if he performed it after the salam, you don’t offer it with him as you must stand up to make up your missed rakah and then complete your prayer as usual. 

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ANSWER: Of course you are sinful and committing a major sin. This is a sign of hypocrisy when you skip fajr like this for worldly matters as you are preferring your studies over paradise and over obeying Allah.

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